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dc.contributor.authorGoldfarb, David M.
dc.contributor.authorRenuart, Andrew J.
dc.contributor.authorMokomane, Margaret
dc.contributor.authorTawanana, Ephraim O.
dc.contributor.authorNarasimhamurthy, Mohan
dc.contributor.authorSteenhoff, Andrew P.
dc.contributor.authorSilverman, Jonathan A.
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-11T07:35:13Z
dc.date.available2017-05-11T07:35:13Z
dc.date.issued2013-03
dc.identifier.citationGoldfarb, D.M. et al (2013) Microbiology of urinary tract infections in Gaborone, Botswana. Plos One, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 1-6en_US
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10311/1657
dc.description.abstractObjective: The microbiology and epidemiology of UTI pathogens are largely unknown in Botswana, a high prevalence HIV setting. Using laboratory data from the largest referral hospital and a private hospital, we describe the major pathogens causing UTI and their antimicrobial resistance patterns. Methods: This retrospective study examined antimicrobial susceptibility data for urine samples collected at Princess Marina Hospital (PMH), Bokamoso Private Hospital (BPH), or one of their affiliated outpatient clinics. A urine sample was included in our dataset if it demonstrated pure growth of a single organism and accompanying antimicrobial susceptibility and subject demographic data were available. Results: A total of 744 samples were included. Greater than 10% resistance was observed for amoxicillin, co-trimoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Resistance of E. coli isolates to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole was greater than 60% in all settings. HIV status did not significantly impact the microbiology of UTIs, but did impact antimicrobial resistance to co-trimoxazole. Conclusions: Data suggests that antimicrobial resistance has already emerged to most oral antibiotics, making empiric management of outpatient UTIs challenging. Ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, and ciprofloxacin should not be used as empiric treatment for UTI in this context. Nitrofurantoin could be used for simple cystitis; aminoglycosides for uncomplicated UTI in inpatients.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library Science, https://phys.org/partners/public-library-of-science/en_US
dc.subjectMicrobiologyen_US
dc.subjecturinary tract infectionsen_US
dc.subjectmicrobiology and epidemiologyen_US
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectGaboroneen_US
dc.subjectBotswanaen_US
dc.titleMicrobiology of urinary tract infections in Gaborone, Botswanaen_US
dc.typePublished Articleen_US
dc.linkhttp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0057776en_US


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