School of Allied Health Professionshttp://hdl.handle.net/10311/13572024-03-28T23:48:16Z2024-03-28T23:48:16ZPrevalence of high-risk human papilioma virus in women with high-grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesions in Botswana using abbott real time HPV assayRantshabeng, PatriciaKasvosve, IshmaelNdlovu, AndrewGaseitsiwe, SimaniMoyo, Sikhulilehttp://hdl.handle.net/10311/22492021-12-18T00:00:42Z2019-01-30T00:00:00ZPrevalence of high-risk human papilioma virus in women with high-grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesions in Botswana using abbott real time HPV assay
Rantshabeng, Patricia; Kasvosve, Ishmael; Ndlovu, Andrew; Gaseitsiwe, Simani; Moyo, Sikhulile
Background:
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been demonstrated to be the necessary cause of cervical carcinoma. High-risk HPV detection has a prognostic significance for the women who are at increased
risk of disease progression. HPV genotyping in cervical cancer precursor lesions is crucial for prevention and
management of cervical cancer. This study was designed to investigate the distribution of HR-HPV genotypes
among a group of patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and higher, of the cervix, in Botswana.
Materials and methods:
185-archived residual formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical biopsies collected between the years, 2006 and
2008 were studied. These tissues were diagnosed with HSIL (n = 146) and squamous cell carcinoma (n = 39).
DNA was extracted using the Abbott m2000 analy-ser (Abbott Laboratories, Illinois) using reagents provided by
the manufacturer. HPV geno-typing was done using the Abbott Real Time HR-HPV PCR, which qualitatively detects 14 HR-HPV (HR-HPV (reported as HPV 16, 18 and other HPV).
Results:
DNA was successfully extracted from 162/185 (87.6%) tissues as indicated by a positive β -globin test. 132/162
(82%) tested positive for HR-HPV The HPV 16 prevalence was 50% (66/132), HPV 18 at 15.2% (20/132) and
other Group 1 HR-HPV plus HPV 66 and 68 had a prevalence of 56.1% (74/132). Other HR-HPV types were
common in HSIL than in carci-noma, while HPV 16 was more prevalent in carcinomas than other HR-HPV genotypes .
Conclusion:
In this study, HPV 16 and other HR-HPV genotypes were commonly associated with HSIL but HPV 18 was uncommon among Botswana women. Our data highlights the need for mul-tivalent HPV vaccines with cross coverage for other high risk HPV other than HPV 16 and 18.
2019-01-30T00:00:00ZPerceptions of key participants about Botswana adolescents’ risks of unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV: qualitative findingsMAGOWE, Mabel K. M.SELOILWE, EstherDITHOLE, KefalotseLAWRENCE, Janet ST.http://hdl.handle.net/10311/17922017-12-12T08:52:50Z2017-01-01T00:00:00ZPerceptions of key participants about Botswana adolescents’ risks of unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV: qualitative findings
MAGOWE, Mabel K. M.; SELOILWE, Esther; DITHOLE, Kefalotse; LAWRENCE, Janet ST.
Aim: The qualitative research findings are reported on the perceptions of key participants in Botswana about adolescent sexuality problems and the feasibility (with suggestions) of an adolescent prevention intervention.
Methods: Twenty adult key participants who were selected through purposive sampling from schools and youth centers responded to open-ended questions during face-to-face individual in-depth interviews that were conducted between December, 2011 and January, 2012 in Gaborone, Botswana.
Results: The data were analyzed by using an inductive content analysis. Five major themes and 12 subthemes emerged from the interviews. The key participants discussed situations that exposed
adolescents to HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy. They also discussed unsafe sexual practices, the consequences of unprotected sex, poor parent–adolescent communication on sexuality, and the need for a sexuality education program.
Conclusion: Policy changes are needed to improve collaboration between adolescents, parents, teachers, and youth officers in order to address adolescent sexuality problems. Further research is needed to explore the ways in which to improve sexuality communication between these groups. The results of the study provide valuable information on the sexuality risks that expose adolescents to HIV, pregnancy, and sexually transmitted nfections and the strategies for the prevention of these risks, thus informing targeted interventions for risk reduction for adolescents.
2017-01-01T00:00:00ZVolunteer service and service learning: opportunities, partnerships, and United Nations Millennium Development GoalsMagowe, MabelDalmida, Safiya GeorgeAmerson, RoxanneFoster, JenniferMcWhinney-Dehaney, LeilaNicholas, Patrice KPehrson, KarenLeffers, Jeannehttp://hdl.handle.net/10311/17912017-12-12T08:52:50Z2016-09-01T00:00:00ZVolunteer service and service learning: opportunities, partnerships, and United Nations Millennium Development Goals
Magowe, Mabel; Dalmida, Safiya George; Amerson, Roxanne; Foster, Jennifer; McWhinney-Dehaney, Leila; Nicholas, Patrice K; Pehrson, Karen; Leffers, Jeanne
Purpose: This article explores approaches to service involvement and provides direction to nurse leaders and others who wish to begin or further develop global (local and international) service or service learning projects.
Approach: We review types of service involvement, analyze service-related data from a recent survey of nearly 500 chapters of the Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI), make recommendations to guide collaborative partnerships and to model engagement in global and local service and service learning.
Findings: This article offers a literature review and describes results of a survey conducted by the STTI International Service Learning Task Force. Results describe the types of service currently conducted by STTI nursing members and chapters, including disaster response, service learning, and service-related responses relative to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The needs of chapter members for information about international service are explored and recommendations for promoting global service and sustainability goals for STTI chapters are examined.
Conclusions: Before engaging in service, volunteers should consider the types of service engagement, as well as the design of projects to include collaboration, bidirectionality, sustainability, equitable partnerships, and inclusion of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Clinical Relevance: STTI supports the learning, knowledge, and professional development of nurses worldwide. International service and collaboration are key to the advancement of the nursing profession. Culturally relevant approaches to international service and service learning are essential to our global organization, as it aims to impact the health status of people globally.
2016-09-01T00:00:00ZTuberculosis alters pancreatic enzymes in the absence of pancreatitisMotswaledi, Modisa SSekgwama, RosinahKasvosve, Ishmaelhttp://hdl.handle.net/10311/17902017-12-12T08:52:50Z2014-10-16T00:00:00ZTuberculosis alters pancreatic enzymes in the absence of pancreatitis
Motswaledi, Modisa S; Sekgwama, Rosinah; Kasvosve, Ishmael
Background: Lipases and phospholipases are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. Genes coding for lipases, phospholipases and amylase are present in MTB, enabling the bacteria to produce these enzymes.
Objective: To compare serum lipase and amylase activity levels in patients with tuberculosis (TB) against those of healthy controls.
Methods: Serum lipase and amylase activity levels were measured in 99 patients and 143 healthy controls using the Vitros 250 Chemistry analyser. Reference ranges for serum lipase and amylase were 23–300 U/L and 30–110 U/L, respectively.
Results: Lipase was higher in patients with MTB than in controls (81.5 IU/L versus 66.5 IU/L, p = 0.006). Similarly, amylase was higher in the MTB patient group (76 IU/L versus 60 IU/L, p < 0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficient for lipase versus amylase (R) was higher in the controls (R = 0.351, p < 0.0001) compared with MTB patients (R = 0.217, p = 0.035). Amongst MTB patients, lipase activity correlated positively with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (R = 0.263, p = 0.013), but not with haemoglobin concentration or treatment duration. A weak inverse correlation was noted between ESR and treatment duration (R = -0.222, p = 0.028).
Conclusion: Pancreatic enzyme levels differ between MTB patients and normal controls; however, this difference still lies within the normal range. The concomitant increase of lipase with ESR, an inflammatory marker, could conceivably suggest a causal relationship. Further research is necessary to characterise MTB-derived enzymes for diagnostic and therapeutic utility.
2014-10-16T00:00:00Z